Saturday, September 21, 2019

Muslim argument from Isaiah 29:12

Muhammed was illiterate, so Muslims look to the Bible for evidence that they will be an illiterate prophet. A verse some Muslims use is Isaiah 29:12.
Or if you give the scroll to someone who cannot read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I don’t know how to read"--Isaiah 29:12
Some Muslims try to link this to Muhammed, since according to Islamic sources when Muhammed met Gabriel he was told to read, Muhammed said he can't. Therefore, since Muhammed can't read and some one mentioned in Isaiah 29:12 cannot read therefore, obviously the illiterate man is the prophet of Islam. That is, until we actually read the text of Isaiah 29 where its about Israel's inability to understand a vision without the help of prophet:
Be stunned and amazed, blind yourselves and be sightless; be drunk, but not from wine, stagger, but not from beer. The Lord has brought over you a deep sleep: He has sealed your eyes (the prophets); he has covered your heads (the seers). For you this whole vision is nothing but words sealed in a scroll. And if you give the scroll to someone who can read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I can’t; it is sealed.” Or if you give the scroll to someone who cannot read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I don’t know how to read.”--Isaiah 29:9-12
We see God is depriving the people of a prophet/seer to be the people's eyes/head, without them understanding God's vision is like giving a document to a man that cannot open a scroll, or a man with a scroll that cannot read. That is to say, its a waste of time, futile. The illiterate man here is contrasted with the prophets, meaning the illiterate man is not a prophet.

Strange that there are Muslims would argue from this verse. 

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Was Origen only condemned after death

Some presume that Origen of Alexandria was only named a heretic by ecclesial authorities posthumously, especially in the 6th Century and onward as I noted in another article.  However, according to Catholic Encyclopedia, his own bishop, the Patriarch/Pope of Alexandria--St Demetrius of Alexandria condemned him in a council that the Pope of Rome accepted:
In 230 Demetrius gave Origen a recommendation to take with him on his journey to Athens. But Origen was ordained priest at Caesarea without leave, and Demetrius with a synod of some bishops and a few priests condemned him to banishment, then from another synod sent a formal condemnation of him to all the churches. It is impossible to doubt that heresy, and not merely unauthorized ordination, must have been alleged by Demetrius for such a course. Rome accepted the decision, but Palestine, Phoenicia, Arabia, Achaia rejected it, and Origen retired to Caesarea, whence he sent forth letters in his own defence, and attacked Demetrius. The latter placed at the head of the Catechetical School the first pupil of Origen, Heraclas, who had long been his assistant. But the bishop died very soon, and Heraclas succeeding him, Origen returned to Alexandria. --Catholic Encyclopedia, St Demetrius
Someone reading the end might say "the bishop died and the next one accepted him! He died within the church!" However, the article on Bishop Heraclas says:
When in 231 the latter condemned Origen, who remained at Cæsarea, Heraclas became head of the school. Soon afterwards he succeeded Demetrius as bishop. According to Theophilus of Alexandria (in Gennadius, "De vir. ill.", xxxiv), when Origen returned to the city, Heraclas deposed him from the priesthood and banished him (cf. the life of St. Pachomius in Acta SS., 14 May, §21, and the probably spurious "Mystagogia" of St. Alexander of Alexandria, in Routh's "Reliquiæ Sacræ", IV, 81). This statement is supported by an interesting fragment of Photius (Synag. kaiapod.; 9), who probably had good authority. It runs as follows (Döllinger, "Hippol. und Kallist.", 264, Engl. transl. 245): "in the days of the most holy Heraclas, Origen, called Adamantius, was plainly expounding his own heresy on Wednesdays and Fridays; the said holy Heraclas therefore separated him from the Church and drove him from Alexandria, as a distorter of the wholesome doctrine and a perverter of the orthodox faith. Origen, thus excommunicated, on his way to Syria reached a city called Thmuis, which had an orthodox bishop named Ammonius, who committed to Origen the delivery of an instruction in his Church. The said Pope Heraclas, having heard this, went to Thmuis, deposed Ammonius for this cause, and set up in his stead as bishop a younger man named Philip, who was of great note among the Christians. --Chapman, J. (1910). Heraclas. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved September 19, 2019 from New Advent
Origen would outlive this bishop too and die under Dioynius, who after the death of Origen spoke highly of him, possibly believing he underwent torture for being a Christian.  According to Jules Lebreton:
Shortly after the condemnation of Origen, Demetrius died. His successor was the priest Heraclas, whom Origen had appointed as assistant, and who after his condemnation had taken his place at the head of the Catechetical School. It seems that Origen tried at this time to return to Alexandria and to take up his teaching once more, but Heraclas upheld the sentence of Demetrius. In 247 Heraclas died in his turn, and was succeeded by St. Dionysius. He, however, took no steps to recall to Alexandria the man who had nevertheless been his own master. But in the time of the Decian persecution, Origen was to receive, after his painful confession of the Faith, a friendly letter from the Bishop of Alexandria.
These facts enable us to understand better the significance and the motives of the sentence of Demetrius: if his two successors, sometime pupils of Origen, did nothing to recall their master to Alexandria, it must have been because his dismissal was motivated not merely by the personal jealousy of Demetrius, but also by the Church’s own interests.-- A History of the Early Church: The triumph of Christianity, page 44 by Jules Lebreton
If Origen was "rehabilitated" it was after he died. Furthermore, there is no indication Rome refused it's agreement of the condemnation of Origen that occurred under Patriarch Demetrius of Alexandria.